10 Easy-to-Follow Short Story Writing Tips

For those who have never tried it, many think that writing a short story is easier than writing a novel. After all, it’s short, right? Only a few thousand words, not sixty or seventy thousand words like in novels. However, the low word count is what makes writing short stories difficult, especially in fiction where you need to introduce the setting, the plot, and the characters quickly, without the luxury of having the time to lay out complicated backstories. Fortunately, many authors have struggled trying to write short stories. Over time and through experience, they have developed some guidance on how to do it. Here are 10 easy-to-follow tips for writing short stories: 1. The Right Title As with any writer trying to get published, it’s not enough to be a good writer. You also have to get the attention of a publisher or agent who will be interested. That’s why an eye-catching, intriguing title is so important. Avoid one or two-word titles, which may seem like you’re taking the easy way out. 2. Keep a Short Story Short This sounds obvious, but writers tend to go on and on, striving for better scene descriptions or character development. Most short story contests have word limits, but many publications don’t. Experience shows that less than about 3,500 words is best. 3. Think Ahead Given the limited word count, make sure and have some basic information worked out before writing. This allows you to write your fiction tightly and focused. Damon Knight, in his book Creating Short Fiction: The Classic Guide to Writing Short Fiction, recommends that at least four of these five questions be fleshed out before writing: (a) who’s the story about; (b) why are the characters doing what they’re doing; (c) what’s the story about; (d) where’s the story set; and (e) when does it take place? 4. Settings Settings should be lightly developed. No windy paragraphs and pages without end developing the setting, like James Michener does in his fantastic historical fiction. Michener has over a hundred thousand words to work with, and you don’t. 5. Get to It Readers and publisher like stories begin en media res (starting in the middle of the action, rather than from the beginning). This technique words particularly well with short stories, allowing you to parse in the other needed setting information and background as the story continues. 6. Point of View Try to stick to one character’s point of view. If you need more, try not to use more than one in a given scene. Shifting points of view slow down the reader and distract the reader from the story; in short fiction all the reader’s attention is needed due to the sparse scene setting and fast pace. 7. Deep Character Development Short stories simply don’t allow time for thorough character development. There’s no time for peeking into a character’s complex thoughts and complicated motives. 8. Action Since there’s little time for character development, characters are defined by action. Actions can replace words to provide more information about characters. Similarly, dialogue is also a great tool to show more about characters. 9. Active Language Action is important, so use active language to describe it. Avoid the wordy passive phrase, and there’s no time for adverbs ending in â€Å"ly†. For example, a character should â€Å"stalk† someone rather than â€Å"follow slowly†; or â€Å"shout† rather than â€Å"yell angrily†. 10. Finish Strong In short stories, there’s little room for contemplating what has happened or why it has happened. End your short story with a bang. Save the best for last with a dramatic ending that lingers in the reader’s mind.

Depression Is A Mood Disorder - 993 Words

Depression is a mood disorder that affects every one out of five adolescents by the time they become adults (Dryden-Edwards 1). It does not seem unlikely that people are more prone to developing depression in their teen years due to the various physical, emotional, psychological and social changes that occur during this point of one’s life. The human body experiences different developmental changes while going through puberty, causing a teen to have fluctuating moods. Puberty, along with juggling school, work, sports, clubs, and spending time with family and friends causes one to feel overwhelmed and have excessive stress. Adolescents fill up their schedules with these activities, scrabbling to find room to get a decent amount of sleep, exercise, and eat healthy. There is no time left for the teen to relax and have some alone time to recoup, which helps to relieve all the stress. So, the teen feels overwhelmed and unable to handle all the different obstacles being thrown in th eir path all at once. Often, it may lead the teen to try to avoid their responsibilities and problems, throwing up one of the first warning signs of depression. Every human being has feelings and reactions caused by daily life events, but it is a problem when mood begins to interfere with functioning and completing even the simplest of tasks. â€Å"When teens’ moods disrupt their ability to function on a day-to-day basis, it may indicate a serious emotional or mental disorder that needs attention —Show MoreRelated The Mood Disorder Depression Essay2491 Words   |  10 PagesThe Mood Disorder Depression Depression can be defined as an affective, or mood disorder characterized by mood deviations that exceed normal mood fluctuations. At its most extreme, depression can describe a psychotic state where the individual cannot function on his or her own. 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The hippocampus is known to be closely affiliated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenalRead MoreThe Major Categories Of Disorder1063 Words   |  5 Pagescategories of disorder include the following: †¢ Anxiety Disorders †¢ Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders †¢ Dissociative Disorders †¢ Feeding and Eating Disorders †¢ Mood Disorders †¢ Neurocognitive Disorders †¢ Neurodevelopmental Disorders †¢ Personality Disorders †¢ Sleep-Wake Disorders †¢ Somatic Symptoms and Related Disorders †¢ Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders †¢ Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders Mood Disorders Mood disorders consist of a widespread range of mood issues, suchRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Major Depression1358 Words   |  6 PagesMood disorders are characterized by unstable emotions, which are not always completely within the individual s control. Mood disorders are one of the most common categories of psychological disorders, and the two most common disorders within this category are bipolar disorder and major depression (also known as clinical depression). These disorders often require a patient to take medications to regulate their mood, which is often paired with psychotherapy or â€Å"talk therapy.† While they are commonRead MoreAnxiety And Other Mood Disorders1460 Words   |  6 Pagesanxiety and other mood disorders are essential to many forms of art. In this article I will examine how mood disorders influence art, as well as give multiple examples of how mood disorders are portrayed in the following art forms: paintings, literature, and music. Before we can broach the topic of art and mood disorders we need to have a good basis of what mood disorders are. Mood disorders are defined as â€Å"a perpetual and significant disturbance in a person’s emotional state or mood† (Lane, 2013).Read MoreAdjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesAdjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood Research was conducted to investigate Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood, and some causes, affects, and treatment approaches. Not all individuals manifest or demonstrate the same depressive symptoms, which can make it difficult for clinicians to diagnose and treat. The American Psychiatric Association has categorized various depressive disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders fourth edition (DSM-IV, 1994). ResearchersRead MoreBipolar Disorder1544 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder or  manic depression causes serious shifts in mood, energy, thinking, and behavior—from the highs of mania on one extreme, to the lows of depression on the other. 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Personal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector Free Essays

string(81) " benefits for the individual without the numerous benefits for the organization\." Personal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector sys cheesy unit 5 Continuing Professional and Personal Development In this assignment I will evaluate my own approaches to CUP, weigh up my strengths and developmental needs In relation to literacy, language and innumeracy needs. This will be continued to develop my knowledge by using my own reflection and the feedback I have received from others. The outcome will be to establish a plan to identify the opportunities I have and want to take to address my learning needs. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector or any similar topic only for you Order Now During the second part of this assignment I will analyses and compare the relevant harries, principles and models of reflective practice how these theories and principles can be applied to my own development as an autonomous learner. Identify and engage In CUP opportunities and Identify previous CUP opportunities I have experienced, the good and the bad. To conclude in this part I will evaluate the impact to the CUP to my own professional practice and Identity any further developmental needs. In the final outcome I will analyses and compare the different teaching roles and contexts in the lifelong learning sector. I will go on to evaluate my own role and he responsibilities with reference to area of specialist and as part of a team. Finally analyses the impact of own professional, personal interpersonal skills on learners and others. Question one. Continuing Professional Development (CUP) is a process by which individuals take control to their own learning and development, by engaging In an on-going processor reflection and action (Whitaker, 2007) In critically analyzing my continuing professional and personal development I have used a number of sources as follows: * Terms of Reference * SOOT Analysis * Managing work self audit * Assertiveness audit * Intelligence test Time management tips * Stress management tips * Minimum core handbook * Lips with LULUS professional standards * Year one optional unit with my personal professional development plan initially started by looking what I add written on my Lips and reviewed what had written tort year one and in the summer in preparation for year two. I feel in just eighteen months my teaching knowledge has changed as I was never too sure what to write for these castles at the beginning, but with direction from my tutor and mentor I feel my year two LIP is more professional by using the LULUS professional standards. Annex M) Due to completing this course and the tact I have been on my own In the 1 Offs centre during the summer months, I nave completed majority to the teaching to complete the mandated hours for the course and self-development. This has played a major part in my main two developmental areas for year one’s goals. They were confidence and experience; I feel I have improved a great deal in these areas and plan to carry on doing so in the future. Looking at my SOOT analysis (annex E) I feel I have gathered a good number of things and included them on my LIP update (annex D) I do feel I have improved on reflection and perhaps I try to over complicate this as I often do with other areas. The feedback I have received from my tutor on last year’s reflections was positive so I think maybe trying too hard to create something and demanding too much from myself over this area. So overall I plan to continue keep attacking this area. One other area I would like to touch on my SOOT analysis in the threat column was I included my pregnancy. Now while this is something I am very happy about, it is something that will have a major impact on my career with possible skill fade while taking maternity. I plan on taking a year off work for maternity followed by leaving the Royal Air Force in the next couple of years and finally getting a new Job in the lifelong learning sector. In the skills audits (annex’s F-L) I have completed, nothing really gave surprising results but they have identified areas which I thought I had achieved the right level but could work on to further e. G. CIT skills and time management. Again all of these things I have recognized and included on my updated LIP. Throughout my reflections as previously discussed I have felt under confident and lacked experience which I feel I have developed positively. In feedback I have received from my tutor and mentor in relation to the course has been positive on the whole. There were highlighted areas for development such as varying the techniques I use such as pair and group work. This I will try and do but it has been difficult to address as we have the students for a short about of time and a lot of work to complete. It is something I am trying to work on and will endeavourer to achieve these aspirations in the coming months. The second area of development was given to me by my mentor, it was that I talk very quickly while heading the class ND do not allocate enough time for students to answer my questions. This I think is down to nerves when being observed. Hopefully with the further experience I have achieved I have slowed myself down for the next observation I have. In planning appropriate opportunities to address these identified learning needs as been quite difficult as I only have approximately 9 weeks left at work before maternity but I will maintain to keep focused and improve in that time. Dependent on being a new mother I will endeavourer to complete online courses to ensure I do not develop skill fade. Question 2 There are many different theories, principles and models designed around CUP. It has become an important aspect in and around teaching in recent years with the highlighted benefits of increased credibility, building professional confidence, providing career development and coping with change. These are the benefits for the individual without the numerous benefits for the organization. You read "Personal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector" in category "Learning" David Chon was known as being the first to introduce reflective practice, in his book The Reflective Practitioner in 1983. However the concepts underlying reflective practice are much David Chon was born in 1 O and graduated Yale in 1951 tater studying hilltop’s. His views on reflective theory stemmed from his study of John Dew’s theory of inquiry. This became his pragmatist framework in his later work. The backbone of Scion’s notion was reflection in action and reflection on action. While reflection in action was described as â€Å"thinking on your feet† This does seem to be the one theory most have taken and further develop into their own. Davis Kola’s experimental learning cycle is also known as a reflective tool where you take your experimental learning gained through action and practice. The experience must somehow be transformed for the learning to occur. The model uses the experience first grasped and then transforms it into strategies that give guidance to future actions. Graham Gibbs published his reflective cycle in 1988 which is based on Kola’s model of experimental learning, where many reflective models take the basic information for example Boron’s model on reflection 1970 chic was later developed by Roller 2001) asks three simple questions What? So what? Now what? Gibbs model goes into further detail and asks many different questions and breaks it down further. So in comparison of the two Barton asks three questions where Gibbs asks six. Overall in comparing the theories they all hold the basic fundamentals of learning after an experience. Most theories are derived from models associated with describing learning. Therefore it has been accepted that in context of theory reflective practice is an experimental process to identify developments and CUP is the act of improvement or modification. In my own opinion most recent theories have lust taken older ones and further developed them to work for themselves. Throughout my learning Journey regarding reflective practice it has been quite a struggle to find a model that I am comfortable with. Reflection to me is when I am having some quiet time such as walking the dogs and running things through my mind, looking at what happened and breaking it all down. Finally deciding what I should do differently next time. I do however find it difficult to put it into format, never too sure on what is required and what people are looking for. However with this uncertainty I have found the Gibbs model is far easier to use as it gives me plenty of pointers to discuss. Using theories, principles and models can be used as an autonomous learner once you have found one that you are comfortable with. When I first started completing my first year reflections I spoke to my mentor about the difficulties I was having, and the response is the only negative thing I have found with them. They responded with they used Boron’s model as it was simple to use and I should give it a go. This was one I could not get to grips with, so after speaking to my tutor I did some further research and came up with the same model as she sent me, Gibbs. As we have discussed in other assignments, classes and work everyone learns/works differently and to work as an autonomous learner in reflection they have to find a model that suits. Throughout the year, the accreditation center staff are kept aware of upcoming CUP events in our specialist field. We regularly attend City and Guilds events, ‘FL and our Apprenticeship Management Team (MAT) CUP events. These are normally notified via email but we also check the websites to ensure we have not missed anything. We also conduct our own CUP events for the center star TTT and our workplace assessors as this is a requirement trot boot our awarding body and MAT. These are invaluable assets to all people in the teaching environment they give networking opportunities to others who teach in the same environment. Also attending generic events can have its benefits too as people can share views, opinions and methods. For the professional bodies putting on these events they can be one of the best ways to get their messages across. Keeping people up to date with current procedures as well as any up and coming changes that are being applied. The one CUP event I attended was an ‘FL event earlier in the year at Coventry University. I felt it was a fantastic event with lots of very interesting seminars throughout the day. It gave us an insight on the plans of ‘FL with the upcoming Linefeed report at first followed by different classes covering emerging technologies, dyslexia and SETS status. Speaking to other attendees and staff gave me a good insight t other roles and insights as I had not been in the world of teaching for even a year at that point. After a seminar about dyslexia I felt extremely energize over the subject of Spud’s and felt I could listen to the lecturer all day. Another member who was from Birmingham University who had done a huge amount of research and created a presentation at her place of work gave us all further information. The whole event was a huge success in my eyes and I felt I took away so much from it. I was also keen to keep hold of my ‘FL membership no matter what’d planned to gain SETS status as soon as I could. But after eight months now and very little heard from ‘FL, the lack of CUP events since has dampened my enthusiasm for ‘FL and I now question my need for them. Bring back ‘FL CUP events! At this current stage of the year there is little being offered in regards to CUP which as a little bit of a problem throughout the year. ‘FL has had very little going on, certainly in my area of expertise and location. I think this has been due to the Linefeed report and their concentration has been geared towards the outcomes from that report. City and Guilds have only directed their CUP events at other sectors (IEEE Hair and Beauty) and Quality Assurance, both of which have not been beneficial to me. I recognize the need for CUP but with the upcoming birth of my daughter, it will be taking a back seat as work will be over the next 15 months. I hope to carry on CUP in that time but it will be individually activities. What are you trying to achieve by your teaching? This is a very demanding but when you can answer it, also a very illuminating question. Of course you want you students to learn successfully, but you may also have an overarching personal goal (Petty, 2009) My role in the lifelong learning sector is more of an instructional/facilitator role than a teaching one. In regards to the FEE sector this covers general FEE colleges, tertiary colleges, sixth form and independent and specialist colleges. Many colleges work in partnership with other members of the sector and are mainly associated with the delivery of education of 14-19 year olds, leaving school. There has been a great deal of change over recent years to adult learning due to recessions and redundancies over the last 3 years along with the changes to funding. The other I would like to touch on is offender learning. This Government initiative is designed to reduce refunding behavior. Often offenders are under achievers at school, with a lack of motivation. They put the age range of 10-18 but in adult institutions have got TTY to learn new skills and trades, tort example Gordon Ramsey doing workshops in Britton Prison for offenders to learn the trade of being a chef, on Channel 4. In this sector the teachers do struggle in the conditions, not only do they have to deal with dissatisfied learners with emotional and behavioral issues. They have to ensure they meet POSTED requirements as well as Home Office policy, all with minimal resources. This isn’t Just a ‘let’s go and cook along with Gordon in prison’ thing. The idea came from the fact that there are approximately 80,000 inmates across the country now, which is a hell of a lot. It was about getting them doing something with their time, giving something back, and also getting Job-ready. The biggest problem is the re-offending percentages, people Just go round and round in the system. (Channel 4, 2012) So in comparison to my role to the others mentioned I find myself feeling a bit of a fraud in comparison at times with other sectors. FEE colleges have numerous challenges to contend with as does offender learning. How to cite Personal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector, Essays

Concepts of Misrepresentation-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: When an employee signs a contract, is the term unfair not to allow the employee to look for work? Answer: Introduction In Australia, the building law covers a range of legislations which have to be strictly followed by the parties on which such laws are applicable. For instance, the most basic law which is applicable is contract law, as any building, whether its purchase or construction, requires a contract to be drawn where the terms of the promise are covered. In case the same is not done, it could result in a breach of contract, and likewise, would attract the penalties for the breach of contract[1]. Due to the involvement of consumers in the building law, the Australian Consumer Law also becomes applicable on the builders, developers and their agents. There is also the involvement of work health and safety related provisions, based on the jurisdiction in which the work is being done. However, the present discussion is restricted to two key elements, i.e., misrepresentation and unfair contract terms, in the context of Australian Consumer Law[2]. Even though misrepresentation is a term covered unde r the contract law, there are provisions under the Australian Consumer Law which offer protection from such acts. In the following parts, an attempt has been made to highlight these two terms based on Australian Consumer Law and in the context of how these have an impact over the sale of land by the developers. Australian Consumer Law The provisions of Australian Consumer Law are covered under the Competition and Consumer Act, 2010[3] which is an act of the commonwealth and has been drawn for protecting the consumers and promoting competition. The provisions of Australian Consumer Law, i.e., ACL, are covered under Schedule 2 of this act[4]. This act replaced the Trade Practices Act, 1974[5] and became applicable from 01st January 2001. The manner in which the provisions of ACL apply on the developers, with regards to misrepresentation and unfair contract terms, have been explained herewith[6]. Misrepresentation Misrepresentation is a situation in which one person makes a false statement to another person, so that such second person enters in the contract. In order for a case of misrepresentation to be made, it has to be shown that the false statement was made to induce the other party into entering the contract[7]. In Holmes v Jones[8], the man who was selling his farm stated that a particular amount of cattle could be stored in the farm. Upon inquiry, the purchaser found this to be false and still bought it. As the reliance was not found to be on the misrepresentation, the damages were not awarded to the plaintiff. Further, it has to be a statement of fact and cannot be claimed for an opinion[9]. Under the ACL, misrepresentation is protected through section 18, which relates to the misleading or deceptive conduct. The general protections pertaining to this are covered under Part 2.1[10] and 2.2[11]. As per section 18 of the ACL, while being engaged in trade or commerce, the individuals should not indulge in any conduct which is likely to be misleading or deceptive or does actually mislead or deceive[12]. In the case of Mike Gaffikin Marine Pty Ltd v Princes Street Marina Pty Ltd[13], the false statements which were made during the negotiations were held to be misleading or deceptive conduct. This section provides the remedy in form of ancillary order for varying of the drawn contract. For the developers in the nation, they would be deemed to be indulged in misleading or deceptive conduct when they make false statements during the course of negotiations. Also, it is not necessary that such false statement has to be made while being in the physical presence of the seller. The statements made through the adverts placed in magazines or newspapers, the letters, and the emails, all would make them liable for the breach of section 18 of the ACL, if it contains a misrepresentation[14]. Such statements could relate to a factually wrong statement, which results in the creation of a false impression. Also, the non disclosure of crucial and substantial information to the buyer would also contribute towards a misleading or deceptive conduct, as non disclosure is also deemed false statement. In the similar manner, when crucial information is left out or concealed, or the client is deliberately not provided the updated data or a misunderstanding is willfully not correct, or even the making of inaccurate or false claims would result in the breach of provisions of section 18[15]. Another leading example is the photographic enhancement. The photographs of the property which are touched up for hiding the characteristics which are not desirable and where the features are enhanced could also mislead the consumers. So, the developers should refrain from modifying or allowing the modified photographs to represent the property when they do not present a fair representation. They should also refrain from changing the property appearance by digitally adding or removing certain features; though the adjustment of light to compensate for poor lighting would not be a breach of this section[16]. Price advertising is another thing which would be seen as the breach of the provisions of the ACL. An agent should refrain from misrepresenting the price of property that has been put up for sale or for lease. The prices which have been advertised have to be reasonable and fair and they need to reflect the current expectations and market value of the seller. If any amendments are made during the marketing campaign, it is likely to have an impact over the selling price and this has to be properly reflected in the prices which are advertised. Also, there is a need to refrain the quoting the price of the property which is less than the asking price of the seller, i.e., under quoting. Under quoting takes place when the price of the property is advertised for sale at a price which is less than the price which was asked by the vendor. This is because such prices mislead the consumers by portraying an inaccurate appraisal of the propertys market price. Another point which has to be kept in mind is the price range which is quoted or is advertised. The lowest amount in the price range should not be less than the selling price of the vendor[17]. A very crucial element which would be deemed as misrepresentation and which would lead to a breach of section 18 of the ACL is the representation made regarding the characteristics of land. There is a need to acknowledge the restrictions regarding the permitted use of buildings or land, which can affect the property. Some of the issues included in this are the easements, planning requirements and restrictive covenants. The representations regarding the land characteristic include the previous use of land, the suitability for residential development, the ability to be subdivided, and state of repair and physical condition of the land[18]. Juniper Property Holdings No 15 P/L v Caltabiano (No 2)[19] was a case where the developer had started the marketing of units, back in 2006, at the Surfers Paradise in the Soul development. An off the plan contract was entered into by the developer for contracting to sell the penthouse apartment at the decided price of $16.85 Million. The development was finished in 2012 and the buyer was called on for settling. The buyer applied for extension in the settlement by two years and the developer agreed to it after applying penalty interest. The receivers and managers were appointed later in 2012 for the undertaking, rights and property of the developer. The buyer did not take part in the settlement and the contract was terminated for the breach on part of the buyer. And the developer bought an action in the Supreme Court of Queensland. The counterclaim of the buyer on this was on grounds of misleading and deceptive conduct[20]. The buyer had to show that the conduct was he suffered a loss after relying on the misleading or deceptive conduct of the developer. Though, the buyer failed in proving this, which led to his counterclaims being rejected by the court. Further, the breach of contract was found on the buyers part which led to an order where he was asked to pay $1.4 million, along with the interest, to the buyer, in addition to the legal costs of the developer. Such cases show that the provisions of ACL not only offer protection to the buyers, but also to the developers, where a wrong claim for misleading or deceptive conduct is made by the buyer[21]. Unfair Contract Terms As has been stated in the introductory segment of this discussion, the building law is such a field where a number of contracts have to be drawn. And in this regard, it becomes very crucial that such contract does not contain an unfair contract terms. The ACL regulates the standard form of consumer contracts in the matter of unfair terms. The provisions contained in the ACL have a major impact over the property developers[22]. In case a contract contains an unfair term in the standard form contract, it is considered as void and makes the contract unenforceable owing to ACLs applicability. The unfair term provisions covered under the ACL apply to the consumer contracts and standard form contracts when an unfair term is contained in these contracts. The grant or sale of interest which is held in land is included under the consumer contracts, where the individual makes use of these for domestic, personal or household purposes. Hence, the definition not only covers the sale, but also goe s beyond it and covers the developers powers and privileges, regarding the particular land[23]. The contracts which are made by the developer are considered as being unfair when a major imbalance is caused in the rights and duties of the parties, or in such cases where the legitimate interest of the developer is not protected in a key way, and also where such occurrence would be disadvantageous for the buyer due to the faith they have put in the developer. When the contract of sale is created or drafted by the developer, different clauses are inserted which favor the developer and through which, the developers are given flexibility in different matters, but which mostly relate to the project competition related issues. However, the provisions under the ACL would be deemed to be violated only when it can be shown that an imbalance was caused in the position of the buyer, due to the insertion of such clause by the developer. To evaluate the presence or absence of such imbalance, different factors are considered, which include the standard industry practice with regards to the com petition time of a project, the warranties offered, and the discretionary items[24]. When a decision is required to be made for a specific item being important for protecting the interest of the developer in a legitimate manner, the developers are required to put forward the evidence for the market where they have their business operations, the requirement of a particular level of flexibility in hands of the developers, the financier imposed economic factors, regulations which the planning schemes and the councils impose, and the necessary evidence regarding the market in which they operate. It becomes the duty of the developers to make certain that the proper discretion required to deliver the end product to the consumer is covered under the contract, and not such provisions are included which provide unwarranted freedom, which would lead to the provisions been deemed as unfair as per ACL[25]. Along with considering the detrimental position in which the purchaser can be placed, there is also to consider the disadvantageous position in which the purchaser is placed, especially when it comes to the matter of entirety of contract and the transparency in the same. The various terms which can be taken as unfair have been properly explained under the ACL. Some of these terms have been stated below: Avoiding the performance of contract or limiting it knowingly; Putting changes in the contractual terms; Imposing limitations on the evidence which can be presented by the purchaser; Placing evidentiary burden on the contract proceedings on the purchaser; Modifying the price to be paid without the purchaser been given the opportunity to bring the contract to an end; Making changes in the interest of land; Making changes in the characteristics of land; Modifying the contract whereby the land can be sold off unilaterally; The contract been assigned in a way which is detrimental for the purchaser where the consent is not taken of the purchaser; Unilaterally determining if the contract has been contravened or if it is interpreted unilaterally Limiting the vicarious liability of the developers agent; If limitations are imposed on the purchaser right to sue the developer; Imposing penalties for terminating the contract on the purchaser; and Terminating the contract without proper cause[26]. For a contract to be deemed as unfair for making it unenforceable under the law, the situation which was present at the time of making the law and the circumstances which led to the unfairness have to be considered. The term would not be unfair when the main issue of the contract is covered under it, and the same has been expressly allowed through the law of state, territory or the commonwealth, and also contains the upfront prices to be paid pursuant to the contract. Even if a term is unfair, the attempt is first made to severe the term, as the severance clauses are usually covered in such contracts. Though, if the unfair term holds such significance, that it cannot be severed, the contract in its entirety becomes unenforceable, and so void[27]. For a successful claim to be made for such unfair terms there is a need to show that a major imbalance was caused and that reliance on it would be detrimental. The key issue is to establish that a major imbalance had actually taken place. The factors which would be taken into consideration for this purpose include the clarity of terms, the term being clearly written and the like. In ACCC v Chrisco Hampers Australia Ltd[28], the court held that the terms used by the defendant were false and misleading representation for the consumers due to the reason that they were not stated clearly. Further, a reasonable person would not have been able to understand such terms because if the consumer had actually understood the result of such terms, then by being a prudent person, they would not have signed the contract. So, property developers have to be careful that such terms are not included in the standard contract which cannot be interpreted clearly. A crucial requirement for a claim to stand for unfair contract terms is to show that if the term is relied upon, it would prove to be disadvantageous for the party relying upon the same. This detriment can be of delay, distress or financial detriment. This can be further clarified from the case of Wakefield Trucks(P) Pty Ltd v Lach Transport Pty Ltd [29]. In this case, the defendant was sold a vehicle by the plaintiff and the plaintiff made certain representations regarding the vehicle during the negotiations pertaining to the fuel consumption, which was less than the real consumption of the fuel. As the defendant had relied upon this statement, the court held that the defendant was entitled to get all of the resulting losses which flowed from this reliance. Along with this, the recovery of interest which was incurred, regarding the extra fuel cost was also permitted by the court. Some other factors which need to be considered for successfully claiming against the developer includes the setting under the ACL, as the social, family or domestic setting cannot give rise to a legal binding contract, as was held in the matter of Balfour v Balfour[30]. The developers have the intention of selling the land and obtaining maximum monetary benefit out of it. An unfair term, under the ACL, would be to allow a single party to terminate the contract. Further, an offer once accepted by the buyer, cannot be withdrawn by the developer as was held in the matter of Souter v Shyamba Pty Ltd 2002[31]. Lastly, to consider the unfairness of a contract term, the whole of the contract has to be taken into consideration, and not a small statement, which can be interpreted in different manner, as was held in the case of Hussey v Horne-Payne[32]. Hence, for the claims to be made against the developers there is a need to fulfill these basic requirements on part of the buyer. Conclusion The discussion carried above highlights the manner in which the concepts of misrepresentation and unfair contract terms are applied under the ACL on the developers when it comes to the sale of land to a prospective buyer. Misrepresentation is a concept under the contract law and is applied through section 18 of the ACL on the developers. Based on this section, the developers are to refrain from indulging in such a conduct which can be considered as misleading or deceptive conduct. This can be done in different ways, as has been stated above, for instance, advertised price being wrong or the photograph of the property being digitally enhanced. The case of Juniper Property Holdings No 15 P/L v Caltabiano (No 2) made it very clear that the provisions of ACL are not just meant to protect the consumers, but the developers as well. The discussion then moved on to the unfair contract terms, which can make the contract void based on the provisions of ACL. And when a case of unfair contract t erm is found, the attempt is made to severe the term where possible, and when the same is not possible, the contract becomes unenforceable as it. References Tom Davie, Tony Earls, and Jeremy Coggins, Understanding Construction Law (LexisNexis Butterworths, 2016) Ian H. Bailey and Matthew Bell, Construction Law in Australia (Thomson Reuters Australia, Limited, 3rd ed, 2011) Competition and Consumer Act, 2010 (Cth) Competition and Consumer Act 2010, sch 2 Trade Practices Act, 1974 (Cth) Stephen G. Corones, The Australian Consumer Law (Lawbook Company, 2nd ed, 2012) Neil Andrews, Contract Law (Cambridge University Press, 2nd ed, 2015) (1907) 4 CLR 1692 John W. Carter, Elisabeth Peden and Greg Tolhurst, Contract Law in Australia (LexisNexis Butterworths, 5th ed, 2007) Australian Consumer Law, pt 2.1 Australian Consumer Law, pt 2.2 Australian Consumer Law, s18 17 ACSR 495 Dilan Thampapillai, Vivi Tan and Claudio Bozzi, Australian Commercial Law (Cambridge University Press, 2015) Department of Commerce WA, Australian Consumer Law (2013) https://www.commerce.wa.gov.au/sites/default/files/atoms/files/aclagentsmanual2013_0.pdf News Media Works, Misleading and Deceptive Conduct in Real Estate (2017) https://www.newsmediaworks.com.au/misleading-and-deceptive-conduct-in-real-estate/ Ibid At 15 [2016] QSC 5 Supreme Court of Queensland, Juniper Property Holdings No 15 P/L v Caltabiano (No 2) [2016] QSC 5 (2016) https://archive.sclqld.org.au/qjudgment/2016/QSC16-005.pdf Tom Davie, Tony Earls and Jeremy Coggins, Understanding Construction Law (LexisNexis Butterworths, 2016) Justin Lethlean, Joanne Daniels, Murray Deakin and Travis Payne, Australia: How The New Australian Consumer Law Will Affect Property Developers (11 May 2010) https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/100132/How+The+New+Australian+Consumer+Law+Will+Affect+Property+Developers Julian Bailey, Construction Law (CRC Press, 2014) Justin Lethlean, Joanne Daniels, Murray Deakin and Travis Payne, Australia: How The New Australian Consumer Law Will Affect Property Developers (11 May 2010) https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/100132/How+The+New+Australian+Consumer+Law+Will+Affect+Property+Developers Ibid Ibid [2015] FCA 1204 (2001) 79 SASR 517 (2002) 11 BPR 20,369 [1879] 4 App Cas 311

Political independence of Latin America

The countries of Latin America achieved their political independence in the early nineteenth century. The countries received the opportunity to follow their own route in setting the priorities for the independent progress.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political independence of Latin America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The accents were made on the development of the agricultural sector which was significant for intensifying export trade and on the rapid industrialisation in the states. The turn of the centuries made the governments of the countries be directed toward following the democratic principles in providing new policies and reforms. All these aspects can be discussed as contributing to the economic and political progress of the Latin American countries, but these states did not achieve the high status at the global arena during the next hundred years after achieving their independence because of th e range of influential factors. Chile, Mexico, Brazil, and Peru developed the possibilities to strengthen their world position only at the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century (Solimano 2006, p. 21). The impossibility of the Latin American countries to achieve the first world status during the first hundred years after the war for independence can be based on such significant factors as the orientation to the development of the agricultural sector instead of forcing the industries, the political instability in countries, dictatorial forms of leadership, and the territorial conflicts with the neighbouring states. The history of Chile in the nineteenth century can be discussed as the vivid example of these negative factors’ impact on the political and economic development of the country. The Successes and Negative Consequences of Achieving the Independence in the Nineteenth Century The independence movement in Chile against the Spaniards began to develop in 1808 when the high class of the creoles started to struggle for self-governing. The population of Chile was divided into two opposite groups of those persons who supported the Spaniards and those ones who were inclined to fight for independence.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The civil war was developing during the period of 1810-1826, and it was the time of continuous military conflicts and oppositions between the forces which resulted in reducing the physical and financial resources of the fighters for independence and royalists. The first positive effects of this struggle were in diminishing the labour exploitation of the indigenous people. Nevertheless, the full political independence from Spain which could allow the development of Chile’s foreign relations was achieved only in 1826. Thus, the Chilean people had to oppose the Spanish troops during the first fif teen years after proclaiming the independence in 1810. The situation was complicated with the peculiarities of the dictatorial regime of Bernardo O’Higgins who was the director general of the country during the period of 1817-1823. His authoritarian behaviour and principles of leadership provoked the open resistance of the people in provinces, and the fact of the Spanish troops’ presence in the country made the effective development of the state during the years of the war for independence almost impossible. In spite of the fact Chile achieved the independence from Spain, the war was too exhausting for people, especially with references to O’Higgins’s regime (Eakin 2007, p. 155). The Period of Stability and the Impact of the World Powerful States The achievement of the political and economic independence did not mean the achievement of the political stability (Bergoeing Repetto 2006, p. 169). The opposition of the political powers in the country led to d eveloping the civil conflicts in 1829-1831. The question of the political organisation of the state was regulated only with declaring the Constitution of Chile in 1833. During the period of 1833-1860, the opposition of liberal and conservative powers in the country was minimal, and this time can be discussed as successful for Chile’s economic progress.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political independence of Latin America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The country becomes the world leader in producing copper and actively develops its trade relations with the foreign countries basing on the agricultural sector and mining industries (Bulmer-Thomas 2003, p. 25). The improvement of the economy of Chile provoked the development of the territorial conflicts with Peru and Bolivia in 1836 and with Argentina in 1843. Thus, the inner political stability of the period was closely connected with military conflicts for distributing the lands and economic impact in the region. The struggle for lands was closely associated with the countries’ economy because of the natural resources which were found at these territories. Overcoming the civil conflicts within the country, the Chilean administration developed the military conflicts with the foreign states which resulted in Chile’s extension of territories and gaining the resources. Moreover, the accents were made on the development of industries and building railways. All these factors could contribute to Chile’s intensive economic development and further progress, but the period of the political stability which can be discussed as one of the most influential aspects of the country’s progress was broken with the growth of the church power in 1861 and increasing the tension between the liberal and conservative political forces (Franko 2007, p. 48). During the period, the impact of Britain and Germany’s capitals a nd investments in the region increased. If the middle of the century was characterised by stability in Chile’s economic and political development, the end of the nineteenth century was rather challengeable for the country. The conflicts with the neighbouring states developed into the Pacific War of 1879-1883. In spite of the fact the war outcomes brought a lot of economic benefits for Chile, the political instability in the country resulted in the next civil war of 1891. This war was provoked by the governments of Germany and Britain against the administration of Jose Manuel Balmaceda because he developed the anti-imperialism movement, and these countries could lose their impact in the region.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, being one of the strongest naval countries in the region and having the rapidly progressive economy based on producing copper, silver, and nitrates, Chile was rather instable country according to the correlation of the political powers. The long period of civil conflicts after achieving the independence was changed with the period of the thirty years of inner political stability, and then the end of the century was also characterised by the violent civil war (Wiarda Kline 2006, p. 88). The necessity of the political and economic reconstruction at the beginning of the twentieth century complicated the development of Chile as the successful and powerful state in the region. The Issues of the Early Twentieth Century Chile was one of the most developed countries in Latin America during the early twentieth century because of the progress of the agricultural sector, mining, copper and nitrate industries, but it did not become the leader at the world arena due to a lot of factors. C opper and such minerals as iron ore and silver were extremely important for the growth of the country’s economy. However, the main problem was connected with the agricultural issues. The development of industries was not intensive enough to meet the needs of the changing economic principles. One of the most important problems was the lack of lands for citizens and the dependence of the economy on the development of latifundia. To find jobs, the majority of the rural population migrated to cities, contributing to the intensive urbanisation (Collier Sater 2004, p. 34). The period of the 1920s is the first step in forcing the position of the military leaders within the country as a result of the conflicts with Peru and Bolivia and the development of several military coups. The further impact of the military leaders on the politics of Chile can be discussed as destructive for realising the democratic principles within the country (Hofman 2000, p. 18). Thus, in a hundred years af ter achieving the political independence, the country was not ready to become the world leader because of the peculiarities of the political development, economic progress, and features of the foreign relations. To overcome the situation, the accents were made on implementing the new Constitution in 1925 and developing the principles of the Presidential Republic. The first results of coping with the crisis in political life of the countries stimulated the further economic rise during the period from 1927 till 1929. It was the chance to liberalise the economic life with providing the necessary reforms, encouraging the local manufacturers, solving the unemployment issues, and attracting the foreign investments. Nevertheless, the liberal tendencies in the economy of the country were contrasting to the dictatorial principles realised in politics (Rector 2005, p. 64). This contrast could be intensified with the further development of Chile, preventing it from following the democratic pri nciples, but the situation was changed extremely with the impact of the world crisis’s beginning in 1929. The possible economic progress of Chile in the future became the controversial question during the years of the crisis because of the fact the country’s export and import were lessened in 10 times, and Chile was among the Latin American countries which suffered from the crisis’s outcomes more significantly. The economic losses in Chile provoked the increase of the opposing political movements’ impact. Thus, the period can be characterised as the time when military leaders, democratic leaders and socialists tried to win the highest position in the country and maintain their power (Rector 2005, p. 82). All the attempts to stimulate the growth of the strong national economy were negatively influenced by the effects of the unstable political situation. That is why, it was almost impossible to speak about winning the leading world positions by Chile as wel l as the other Latin American country during the first part of the twentieth century. Why Chile Failed to Achieve the First World Status Notably, the nineteenth century was the period of unprecedented development of many countries (including such super power as the USA). Developing industries and technology, many countries managed to achieve the first world status. However, Chile was not in the row with these countries. A number of factors prevented the country from entering the club of the winners. In the first place, the country was characterized by political instability during the nineteenth and the first part of the twentieth centuries. Admittedly political instability cannot be a favourable premise for economic growth of the country. Investors who were ready to invest in the Chilean economy had to withdraw their funds due to changing political agendas. Liberalisation process in the country was very painful and was incomplete in the first part of the twentieth century. Apart fro m instability, economic growth was impossible due to inadequate economic policies. The major focus was made on agriculture. However, the sector relied on out-dated practices based on slavery. Of course, such kind of practice could not be effective in the end of the nineteenth century. More so, there was no technology to back up the development of the agricultural sector. In the times when all countries focused on industrialization, Chile lagged behind. Underdevelopment of industries also negatively affected development of agricultural sector which eventually became less profitable than it used to be. Besides, the country’s economy was always influenced by foreign capital and therefore, some interest groups focused on their own profits rather than on the development of the country’s economy. It is possible to note that absence of strong leadership in Chile where all sectors of economy and all spheres of social life needed effective reforms resulted in economic, social a nd political degradation. The beginning of the twentieth century can be discussed as rather progressive in relation to the sphere of economy in the Latin American countries. However, the results of one hundred years’ development of Chile after gaining the independence emphasise the negative effects of the civil wars, dictatorial regimes, accents on the agricultural sector in economy, and conflicts with foreign countries. All these factors cannot be discussed as advantageous for the political, economic, and social progress of the countries and as contributing to the increase of their international status. Reference List Bergoeing, R Repetto, A 2006, â€Å"Micro efficiency and aggregate growth in Chile†, Latin American Journal of Economics, vol. 43 no. 127, pp. 169-192. Bulmer-Thomas, V 2003, The economic history of Latin America since independence, Cambridge University Press, USA. Collier, S Sater, WF 2004, A history of Chile, 1808-2002, Cambridge University Press, US A. Eakin, MC 2007, The history of Latin America: collision of cultures, Palgrave Macmillan, USA. Franko, P 2007, The puzzle of Latin American economic development, Rowman Littlefield Publishers, USA. Hofman, A 2000, The economic development of Latin America in the twentieth Century, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK. Loayza, N Soto, R 2002, Economic growth: sources, trends, and cycles, Central Bank of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Rector, JL 2005, The history of Chile, Palgrave Macmillan, USA. Solimano, A 2006, Vanishing growth in Latin America: the late twentieth century experience, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK. Wiarda, HJ Kline, HF 2006, A concise introduction to Latin American politics and development, Westview Press, USA. This essay on Political independence of Latin America was written and submitted by user Stella Horne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Become a Pharmacy Technician

How to Become a Pharmacy Technician If you’ve ever waited in line at a pharmacy for a prescription, you likely know that pharmacy technicians are the ones who help to keep everything moving. Meeting the prescription and over-the-counter healthcare needs of the community is a huge task, and the pharmacy tech plays an essential part. The Day-to-DayPharmacy technicians (also known as pharm techs) are healthcare professionals who assist licensed pharmacists. Their duties may include:Dispensing drugs and medical devices to patientsEducating patients on potential side effectsEducating patients on the use of medical devicesReviewing prescriptions from doctors’ officesReviewing insurance coverage and working with the insurance companiesEnsuring that patients get the correct prescriptionHandling payment and insurance transactionsOther administrative duties related to the pharmacy as neededMost pharm techs work in community, retail, or hospital pharmacies, but there are also opportunities in nursing homes, private companies, pharmaceutical manufacturers, government, or academic settings. The majority work full-time, in a standard work week, though some pharmacy techs work part-time.For more on what it’s like to be a pharmacy technician, check out these videos:How to Be a Pharmacy TechnicianPharmacy Technician Career OverviewCareer Profile: Pharmacy TechnicianThe RequirementsBecoming a pharmacy technician is a process that can take less than a year, or up to 2 years. To get started, you should have at least a high school diploma. Most pharmacy techs opt to take a 1-to-2 year program at a community college or vocational school, where the coursework may provide technical training and certification. Each state has its own rules that can vary widely (from required schooling, certification, and exams to no official certification necessary), so be sure to check your own state’s requirements before you get started.The SkillsAccuracy is an absolute necessity for pharmacy techs. Inaccurat e prescriptions, or the wrong medicine going to the wrong person, can be extremely dangerous. Pharm techs are often the first and last line of defense, making sure that everyone is getting the medication they’re supposed to be getting. Attention to detail is perhaps the most important skills for a tech to have, but others are crucial as well. These skills are typically learned through certification programs or on-the-job training:Pharmacy and medical termsBasic knowledge of medicationsBasic pharmacy operationsMedication dosage measurement and best practicesLaw and ethics for pharmacy practiceThe PayThe median salary for pharmacy technicians is $29,810 per year, or $14.33 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). And according to a PayScale.com survey, pharm techs are â€Å"highly satisfied† with their career choice.The OutlookAs pharmacies change with the times and drugs are shipped in bulk, pharmacy techs will be more in demand than ever so that they ca n dispense medicine accurately and effectively, freeing up pharmacists to provide clinical services. The BLS expects the field to grow by at least 9% by 2024.Interested? APPLY HERE

International Strategies an Oranizational Design Essay

International Strategies an Oranizational Design - Essay Example s the responsibility of the CEO to conceptualize and chart the strategic plan of the business to ensure the health and viability of the organization under his direction. Below him are functional managers whose leadership, -- such as in marketing, finance, production and R&D -- will help enable the company to achieve effective results through division by specialization. Despite lack of general management orientation, they are important role players in the implementation of the overall strategy of the business. Because of the level and intensity of competition in the global markets, the companys international strategy must be prepared carefully and employed dynamically so that the company can survive and earn above-average returns in both the short and long term. The global planning process starts with the CEO taking the initiative or recognizing the need for a global strategic planning. While plans can exist solely in the mind of the CEO, a formal and rational planning process is necessary in order to obtain participation and commitment of those who will execute the plan. The major activities in such planning activity involves the following: 1) defining the mission and major goals and objectives of the organization, 2) analyzing the internal and external environments, 3) choosing the business model and strategies that will align or fit an organizations strengths and weaknesses with the opportunities and threats of the external environment; 4 adopting the organizational design or structures of the organization, and 5) the establishing of control systems to ensure proper implementation, monitoring and evaluation. A feedback mechanism may suggest changes in the components of the plan so that corrective action can be carried out. A SWOT analysis will identify the fit between the existing resources and competencies of the organization and the opportunities and threats in the external environment. What is perhaps of major importance is for the organization

Matlab Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Matlab - Assignment Example The results indicated to show that system (a) had a significantly larger absolute steady state error as compared to the system (b). It is equally clear that system (B) displayed a greater accuracy with less absolute steady state error as compared to that of the system (a). This leads to a conclusion that the positive error value of system (b) established the system output’s stability. Prior to the introduction and calculation of the error formulas, it is possible to determine the system’s performance by the use of its constant (K) value. A perfect system with no steady state error, ideally, Kp would be equal to zero, Kv would be equal to one and Ka would be equal to one. It is however extremely challenging to attain this kind of a system. If Kv or Ka would be equal to zero, then the steady state error would be infinite as illustrated in the results in the table. If Kpos would be equal to negative one, then the steady state error would become infinite. The results from the table show that the Kpos is very close to negative one. This is basically the reason as to why it has a large value of the steady state error. The sign recorded by the steady state error gives an indication of whether the output is greater than the input or vice versa. For instance, the table shows that system (a) displays a negative error value making the output of the system to be greater than the input. This designates some degree of amplification. On the other hand, the system (b) displays a positive error making the output smaller than the input.

Renewable Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Renewable Technology - Essay Example Climate change and global warming are two major threats to the ecological balance. Over the past 10 years, there is a continuous increase in the global climate that is melting the polar sea ice in the arctic regions where the population of the polar bear is endangered (Dincer, 2007). As a result, scientists have cautioned policy makers on the continued use of fossil fuel that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. This is the main reason why policies are being set to encourage utilization of renewable materials. In the energy sector, people are encouraged to utilize the renewable sources of energy such as solar, biogas, hydropower and wind power. The generation of power using these processes has little influence on the environment leading to the production of environmentally friendly energy sources (Dincer, 2007). This paper will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of integrating various renewable energy sources into national electrical grid systems. In addition, this report will focus on environmental impact, costs involved, and load balancing (Anon, 2004). This will consider Solar, Wind, Hydro, and Biomass Electricity (including waste incineration) and any others of your choice. In order to achieve this objective, the analysis will examine evidence from literature existing on renewable energy. It will evaluate various sources of information such as websites, existing theories, case studies and empirical studies carried out on the topic. This approach will provide the vital data and information in regard to renewable energy. The benefits realized through the utilization of renewable energy are overwhelmingly high, especially on environmental protection. Currently, the renewable energy is being used in the generation of electricity that is later fed to the national grid. This is satisfying the high demand for electricity in the world

Total Quality Management (TQM) at McDonalds

Total Quality Management (TQM) at McDonalds Executive Summary The purpose of this assignment to elaborate about Total Quality Management based on how it implements and how it impacts on an organization. For this assignment I have selected McDonalds as my main research to analysis on their TQM . Total Quality Management allows an organization to enhance their high quality, products and economical product environment and also customer satisfaction. In this assignment, I have analysed in all the operational strategies and studied on their ways for achieving their goals by providing their customer the best service with best quality. There is some information that I have found from the internet and analysed the strategies which has implemented based on my knowledge and by my observation on the working environment of McDonalds. INTRODUCTION. McDonalds Corporation is the worlds most leading food service organization. McDonalds was introduced by two brothers named Dick n Mac McDonalds in the year of 1940s in California. Raymond Albert Kroc, a salesman, saw a great opportunity in this market and advised Dick and Mac to expand their operation and open new restaurants. McDonalds was emerged from Ray Kroc who was in the year of 1955 became one of the exclusive franchising for the whole United States of the American. Every food franchise company would have their own motto, as for McDonalds; their motto is to focus on services, quality, value and cleanliness. In the year of 1977, the first McDonalds outlet was opened in Ireland, Dublins Grafton Street. McDonalds became popular in Ireland and the second restaurant was followed on OConnell Street. There are about 74 McDonalds restaurant around the world and opened five new outlets called Mccafes in Dublin as to provide more variety for their services and employed over 4,000 people in their organization. McDonalds in Ireland has achieved one of the 50th best companies to work for in Ireland. McDonalds has a community programs that focused on local environment that is related to current issues and as well as for family issues. McDonalds has sponsorship of fundraising for childrens charities, environmental activities and for education. McDonalds is the first restaurant that offers their customers with nutritional ingredient with information and these offered nutritional leaflets. This organization plays their role as promoting well balanced diet and active lifestyle for children. The Ronald McDonald House charity that was founded in the year of 1977 and this program offers scholarships; social welfare program and healthcare for children. McDonalds has four principles such as, Service, Cleanliness, Quality and lastly Value. This combination has achieved 100 percent of customers satisfaction. This business is operated based on strict specifications for every products, raw materials and the responsible for implementing the systems to make sure the highest quality on the food throughout the restaurants in Ireland. McDonalds in Malaysia was first born in December 1980 when McDonalds Corporation, USA introduced the GOLDEN ARCHES RESTAURANTS SDN BHD the license to operate McDonalds restaurants in our country. Our first outlet of McDonalds was opened at Jalan Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur on 29 April 1982. There are about 185 restaurants that are located in Malaysia and its currently expanding at about 10-15 restaurants in every year. McDonalds has formed many job opportunities for Malaysians. McDonalds Malaysia has employs more than 8,000 local people and gave opportunities for school leaves who are meanwhile waiting for their SPM results or even for college students who wants to work as for their side income. McDonalds has about 120 staff to support at its headquarters to manage the day-to-day operations for the McDonalds business. McDonalds have two main regional office in Penang and Johor Bahru in Malaysia. 2.1 ) McDonalds Mission McDonalds has a mission that is to be in their customers top favourite position and the way they provide their food is to inspired their customers who are delight with each customer with quality, cleanliness, value and services. McDonalds would invite their customers to be part of this winning team and gives every customer an opportunity to grow with the family and striving to give the smiles on their faces of billions of people around the world. Total Quality Management There are important implications for the way people are managed in their business. Every restaurant has responsibility for quality; power and responsibility need to be given for their employees who are doing the work in the organisation. Total quality management in McDonalds requires continuous product improvement and the quality customer service where the needs and wants of the customers are constantly met together. Therefore, to ensure the employees in McDonalds that everyone is responsible for quality in their restaurants. The entire organization of McDonalds has excels in every part of services and products that is crucial for their customers. It can be described to total quality management as the constant quality improvement for the process. McDonalds also practice the strategy of total quality management and tries to improve its affectivity and efficiency level by working in different areas such as constant improvement, quality of goods and training, customer satisfaction, and services. 3.1 Product Quality The skills of a service or product to meet customers needs are phrase as quality. McDonalds works a lot in the quality development of its goods by improving The Ingredients and nutrients of the food stuff. Some current nutrients quality improvement information is as under: For people who are concerned about food allergies, McDonalds have combined all the allergen information into the ingredient statement for every menu item so that customers can have one current foundation of the information. The nutrition information is derived to perform the testing in accredited laboratories, published resources, or from the information that is provided from McDonalds suppliers. The nutrition information is based on standard product formulations and serving sizes. All nutrition information is found on average values for ingredients from McDonalds suppliers throughout the world. Variation in serving sizes, preparation techniques, product testing and sources of supply, as well as regional and seasonal differences may involve the nutrition values for each product. 3.2 Training In the next step of Total Management Quality, McDonalds puts full concentration on its human resources. This objective of training their human resources in McDonalds is to build a balance in the whole working of employees. Therefore they also try to create a link between the quality of a product and the skills of the employees. In McDonalds almost every employee are given training. For an example: a cashier is trained to handle cash, floor manager is practised against his degree in hotel management. And all the other staff is trained accordingly to their job description in McDonalds. 3.3 Continuous Improvement The total quality management strategies in McDonalds are product quality improvement, employee training and development that as be places on the way of continuous improvement in all its functions in the organization. The continuous improvements have fulfilled the needs of the customers according to their desires, wants or requirements and also build its products further competitive as before. This continuous improvement also contains some other factors like benchmarking a quality standard, employee empowerment and sustain just in time inventory system. 3.4 Customer Satisfaction McDonalds pays more attention on the satisfaction level of their customers. To improve the quality standards, the employees are well trained and continuously learning desire of McDonalds results to increase the level of satisfaction of their customers towards their products. When the quality is improved and the workers are serving the customers is well trained and the overall service environment is improved then there is no room left for customer to fell dis-satisfaction towards the company 3.5 Human Resources in McDonalds. Being in part of the pure services and good production divisions, as for McDonalds applied a very good strategy for their human resources. There are such divisions in McDonalds as such as Training would provide best opportunities for their own employees who actually need to be provided due to their lack of working skills in the department. This would help them to achieve its goals efficiently. Separate departments for different functions based for McDonalds it has different departments as for different parts for the marketing department that is consist with the marketing experts as they has perform marketing analysis and the financing department are consist to the finance experts who would arrange and manage the finance. Competency in McDonalds trains their employees in every department as to enhance the ability and to improve the employees skills and also to provide the employees to ensure that they would serve the right product to the right customer on the right time. This would en able the management to compete with the market. Proper utilization of resources: in McDonalds there are experts in different department and they would use the opportunities and the available recourses. McDonalds also provide good services to the customers more efficiently. As the last is, employees job satisfaction, McDonalds provide training for their employees to improve their skills in McDonalds and the results would enhanced their employees to performance even more better. It would make them even more interested to work in a well manner and this would give good reputation for McDonalds. McDonalds Focus on the Competition The weakness point of a business depends on the system and people involved within the organization. It begins by hiring the people who can dedicate in the businesss objectives and can a do better job in the organization. In McDonalds, the crew can make the business achieved for success and at the same time downfall can be happen. Investing in the value chain is a simply idea but in the end it still works. Happy employees make customers happy, and it can create happy shareholders. McDonalds value is significant to implement a good atmosphere that can invite the customers. The automation of the process can discard the corruption and manipulation inside the company. In McDonalds the automation process of the sale are introduced to make it more proficient and straightforward than the manually operation system. The training and re-training can leave a legacy for the future employees in McDonalds. The on-the-job training in the management of the McDonalds is an open the door for opportunity and they can acquire the trainees to be part of the company. The leadership in McDonalds are involvement in the business is the most prominent strategy. But if the management failed to manage the business, the problems might break the connection of the business towards the people and its customers. The strength can start in an intensive research study where they can explore for the new extraordinary service they can offer to the customers as well on their shareholders. The strength also lies on the managements ability to analyze where they can find the solution in their problems. Improvement of some process and systems can make the problems be solved. And with further understanding, all the issues that involves inside the business whether it concerned with the people or the system. 5 ) The gaps in McDonalds. The first gap would be between what customers want and what McDonalds thinks about their customers wants in their restaurant. This gap is the results of a misunderstanding or a misrepresentation of the customers desires, wants, or even their needs. An organization that does a small or customer satisfaction research is likely to experience in this gap. The second gap would be between what McDonalds thinks about their customers want and the quality specifications that McDonalds management develops to provide the service for their customers. Basically, this gap is the result of managements incapability to translate customers needs and wants into the delivery systems within their firm. The third gap would be between the service quality specification and the services are present in every company. If both gaps 1 and 2 have been closed, then gap 3 is due to the inability of management and employees to do what should be done. Poorly trained or poorly motivated workers can cause this gap. Management needs to make sure that employees have the skills and the proper tools to perform their jobs. The forth gap would be between what McDonalds provides and what the customers are informed towards the providers. This gap is called communication gap. It may add in the misleading or deceiving advertising campaigns shows potential more than the firm can distribute or do what it takes to get the business in McDonalds. McDonalds need to make sensible customer expectations through exact communication about what firms can provide them. Firth gap would be between the services that customers get and the services they want from McDonalds. This gap can be negative or positive and for an example, if a customer expects to wait only 2 minutes for its order, the customers evaluation of service quality will be high. However, a 10 minutes wait would be resulted as the lower evaluation from the customer perspective. Recommendations The successes of McDonald recommendation depend on the ability of the entire organisation to comprehend. These recommendations are not inflexible to handle because it will start from the initiatives of the organization or the whole team. Reliability in McDonalds is the capability to execute the service exactly, dependably, and constantly. Reliability a way to show the service that is right the first time. This section has been established to be the one most significant to consumers .Responsiveness is the talent to be provided quick service. Examples of receptiveness include calling the customer back immediately, serving the lunch fast to customers who are in the rush for something, or delivering customers food to their homes or office. A declaration can be practiced when the knowledge and consideration of the employees in McDonalds and their capability to convey trust. The expert employees who treat their customers with respect and make customers feel that they can trust the organisation represent the assurance to their customers. Their empathy is the act of concern towards their customers and an individual concentration to customers. McDonalds employee identifies their customers, recognizes them by addressing their name, and knows their customers exact requirements and provides empathy to their customers. 7 ) Analysis and Conclusion. McDonalds are an organization that realized on the significance of customer-centred philosophies and they emphasise on how to turn the quality management approaches to help managing their businesses. An effective approach has been analysed and the differences between customer want, need and expectations and their perceptions has been highlighted with the full support with an example. These important gaps is the serious quality that associated with external customer services and this could be extend to secure other major gaps and consequently, it could be urbanized in order to be functional for internal customers as for the employees and the service providers. McDonalds has maintained their products quality accordingly to the international standard and also maintains a very good environment in every premise of theirs. McDonalds has a very good learning environment for their employees to development and provides customer satisfaction as daily life goes on for them.

Free Grapes of Wrath Essays: Contrasting Rich and Poor :: Grapes Wrath essays

Contrasting Rich and Poor in Grapes of Wrath One of the ironies of Steinbeck’s novel, The Grapes of Wrath was that, as Ma Joad said, "If your in trouble or hurt or need -- go to poor people. They're the only ones that'll help -- the only ones."(pg 335) The irony is that if you need something you have to go to the people who have nothing. There are many examples of this in the book. The first example of this is at the truck station in chapter 15 when the restaurant owner and waitress give the family bread at a discounted rate, and candy two for a penny when it is actually nickel candy. The truck drivers then leave large tips to the waitress. Neither the truck driver nor the restaurant owner and waitress are very rich but they are generous anyway. In chapter seventeen the person at the car dump gives Tom and Al things for way discounted rates. Ma Joad is also an example of this. The Joads are poor and yet they give what little they have to the children who need it. They also stay and help the Wilsons when it just slowed them down. Another example is when the small land owner that Tom first gets work warns them of the plot of the Farmer's Association to raid the government camp. The clerk in the company store in chapter twenty-four is also generous, lending Ma ten cents so that she can get sugar for the coffee. These acts of generosity are contrasted to how the rich people are trying to rip off the migrants. Chapter seven shows how the car dealer rip the people off by selling them pieces of junk for high prices. They use cheep tricks such as pouring sawdust into the gears or transmission to cut down the noise of the car and hide problems. They take advantage of the tenant farmers ignorance of cars and interest rates to make a profit. Chapter nine shows how junk dealers bought all the things from the tenant farmers at a very low price. The farmers have to leave and can't take the stuff with them, so they take advantage of the fact that the farmers have no choice but to sell them at whatever price they name. Chapters nineteen, twenty-one, and twenty-five are general chapters that show how the large land owners are cheating the migrants and smaller land owners to make a larger profit.

The Rugmaker of Mazar-E-Sharif

Mazari has been through all sorts of conflict throughout his lifetime from where he was a young boy minding sheep in Afghanistan to opening an authentic rug store in Australia. He first had a major loss happen to him when he was a young boy and his father was killed. This was a traumatic time for his family and there was a conflict within his family. When his father died, Najaf was forced to take on new responsibilities within the family and everyone had to do their part. When he was a young teenager his house was hit by a rocket causing major damage to his leg. His leg took over 6 months to heal properly and he was finding it difficult to cope in this time as he saw himself as a burden on his family which was a personal conflict. He has faced various conflicts during his time at Woomera detention centre, one of which was a religious conflict. Certain people could not talk to other people because of their religion. This made a somewhat difficult experience in his life even more difficult as he was continuously having trouble with other people because they believed in different gods. Finally when he was released and working freely in Australia he had conflicts at his work places. One of which was when he worked for a lady who was too demanding on him and he could not work to her expectations with him. This was a cultural conflict as he was not used to working under her conditions.

USS Randolph (CV-15) in World War II

USS Randolph (CV-15) in World War II USS Randolph (CV-15) - Overview: Nation: United States Type: Aircraft Carrier Shipyard: Newport News Shipbuilding Company Laid Down: May 10, 1943 Launched: June 28, 1944 Commissioned: October 9, 1944 Fate: Scrapped 1975 USS Randolph (CV-15) - Specifications Displacement: 27,100 tons Length: 888 ft. Beam: 93 ft. Draft: 28 ft., 7 in. Propulsion: 8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shafts Speed: 33 knots Complement: 3,448 men USS Randolph (CV-15) - Armament: 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft 90-100 aircraft USS Randolph (CV-15) - A New Design: Designed in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys Lexington- and Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were built to conform to the limits set forth by the Washington Naval Treaty. This agreement placed restrictions on the tonnage of various types of warships as well as capped each signatory’s overall tonnage. These types of limitations were confirmed through the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As global tensions increased, Japan and Italy departed the agreement in 1936. With the collapse of the treaty system, the US Navy began developing a design for a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which included the lessons learned from the Yorktown-class. The resulting design was longer and wider as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This had been used earlier on USS Wasp (CV-7). In addition to carrying a larger air group, the new type mounted a greatly enhanced anti-aircraft armament. The lead ship, USS Essex (CV-9), was laid down on April 28, 1941. With the US entry into World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Essex-class became the US Navys standard design for fleet carriers. The first four ships after Essex followed the types original design. In early 1943, the US Navy made several changes to improve subsequent vessels. The most dramatic of these was the lengthening the bow to a clipper design which allowed for the addition of two quadruple 40 mm mounts. Other improvements included shifting the combat information center below the armored deck, installing improved aviation fuel and ventilation systems, a second catapult on the flight deck, and an additional fire control director. Though dubbed the long-hull Essex-class or Ticonderoga-class by some, the US Navy made no distinction between these and the earlier Essex-class ships. USS Randolph (CV-15) - Construction: The second ship to move forward with the revised Essex-class design was USS Randolph (CV-15). Laid down on May 10, 1943, the new carriers construction began at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. Named for Peyton Randolph, President of the First Continental Congress, the ship was the second in the US Navy to carry the name. Work continued on the vessel and it slid down the ways on June 28, 1944, with Rose Gillette, wife of Senator Guy Gillette of Iowa, serving as sponsor. Construction of Randolph concluded about three months later and it entered commission on October 9 with Captain Felix L. Baker in command. USS Randolph (CV-15) - Joining the Fight: Departing Norfolk, Randolph conducted a shakedown cruise in the Caribbean before preparing for the Pacific. Passing through the Panama Canal, the carrier arrived at San Francisco on December 31, 1944. Embarking Air Group 12, Randolph weighed anchor on January 20, 1945, and steamed for Ulithi. Joining Vice Admiral Marc Mitschers Fast Carrier Task Force, it sortied on February 10 to mount attacks on the Japanese home islands. A week later, Randolphs aircraft struck airfields around Tokyo and the Tachikawa engine plant before turning south. Arriving near Iwo Jima, they mounted raids in support of Allied forces ashore. USS Randolph (CV-15) - Campaigning in the Pacific: Remaining in the vicinity of Iwo Jima for four days, Randolph then mounted sweeps around Tokyo before returning to Ulithi. On March 11, Japanese kamikaze forces mounted Operation Tan No. 2 which called for a long-range strike against Ulithi with Yokosuka P1Y1 bombers. Arriving over the Allied anchorage, one of the kamikazes struck Randolphs starboard side aft below the flight deck. Though 27 were killed, the damage to the ship was not severe and could be repaired at Ulithi. Ready to resume operations within weeks, Randolph joined American ships off Okinawa on April 7. There it provided cover and support for American troops during the Battle of Okinawa. In May, Randolphs planes attacked targets in the Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan. Made flagship of the task force on May 15, it resumed support operations at Okinawa before withdrawing to Ulithi at the end of the month. Attacking Japan in June, Randolph swapped Air Group 12 for Air Group 16 the following month. Remaining on the offensive, it raided airfields around Tokyo on July 10 before striking the Honshu-Hokkaido train ferries four days later. Moving on to the Yokosuka Naval Base, Randolphs planes struck the battleship Nagato on July 18. Sweeping through the Inland Sea, further efforts saw the battleship-carrier Hyuga damaged and installations ashore bombed. Remaining active off Japan, Randolph continued to attack targets until receiving word of the Japanese surrender on August 15. Ordered back to the United States, Randolph transited the Panama Canal and arrived at Norfolk on November 15. Converted for use as a transport, the carrier began Operation Magic Carpet cruises to the Mediterranean to bring American servicemen home. USS Randolph (CV-15) - Postwar: Concluding Magic Carpet missions, Randolph embarked US Naval Academy midshipmen in the summer of 1947 for a training cruise. Decommissioned at Philadelphia on February 25, 1948, the ship was placed in reserve status. Moved to Newport News, Randolph commenced a SCB-27A modernization in June 1951. This saw the flight deck reinforced, new catapults installed, and the addition of new arresting gear. Also, Randolphs island underwent modifications and the anti-aircraft armament turrets were removed. Reclassified as an attack carrier (CVA-15), the ship was re-commissioned on July 1, 1953, and commenced a shakedown cruise off Guantanamo Bay. This done, Randolph received orders to join the US 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean on February 3, 1954. Remaining abroad for six months, it then returned to Norfolk for a SCB-125 modernization and the addition of an angled flight deck. USS Randolph (CV-15) - Later Service: On July 14, 1956, Randolph departed for seven-month cruise in the Mediterranean. Over the next three years, the carrier alternated between deployments to the Mediterranean and training on the East Coast. In March 1959, Randolph was redesignated as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS-15). Remaining in home waters for the next two years, it commenced a SCB-144 upgrade in early 1961. With the completion of this work, it served as the recovery ship for Virgil Grissoms Mercury space mission. This done, Randolph sailed for the Mediterranean in the summer of 1962. Later in the year, it moved to the western Atlantic during the Cuban Missile Crisis. During these operations, Randolph and several American destroyers attempted to force the Soviet submarine B-59 to surface. Following an overhaul at Norfolk, Randolph resumed operations in the Atlantic. Over the next five years, the carrier made two deployments to the Mediterranean as well as a cruise to northern Europe. The remainder of Randolphs service occurred off the East Coast and in the Caribbean. On August 7, 1968, the Department of Defense announced that the carrier and forty-nine other vessels would be decommissioned for budgetary reasons. On February 13, 1969, Randolph was decommissioned at Boston before being placed in reserve at Philadelphia. Struck from the Navy List on June 1, 1973, the carrier was sold for scrap to Union Minerals Alloys two years later. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Randolph (CV-15)NavSource: USS Randolph (CV-15)USS Randolph (CV-15)

HATCHET essays

HATCHET essays His dad and mom were divored. The boy was on his way to see is dad. so he got in a plane. the ploit showed he to fly the plane . then the ploit had a heartattack he did not know how to fly a lot.than the plane ran out of gas then crased in a lake he got but not the ploit. so he swam to shore then he woke up and he was hungere ** so he went ot get berres he ate so much he was sick so he slept. then he had to build a shelter a fire but he did not have a matches so he did not have one so he went to bed. he woke up spear so he can get food. then he got food so he went to bed shelter so he fixed it.then he took his hatchet then he saw the tale of the plane so he built a boat to get in so did he saw the ploit in the back he saw a bag he grabed it slept he woke up transmitter flicked the switch but nothing haped so he made some food that was in the bag than a plane landed ...

Types of speech within the First Amendment Assignment

Types of speech within the First Amendment - Assignment Example There is pure speech, speech plus actions, and symbolic speech. Political speech receives the most protection through the first amendment (Jones, 2011). Political speech gets highly protected as it is vital to a functional republic due to its expressive nature. The first amendment also provides less than full protection to commercial speech. All speech is not equal within the first amendment. Several types of speech do not get protected by the first amendment (Cohen, 2010). These limitations on free speech get recognized by the US Supreme Court and constitute exceptions to free speech within the country. These exceptions got created over time based on context and certain types of speech (Jones, 2011). The first amendment exempts speech that involves false statement of fact, incitement, child pornography, obscenity, and plagiarism from its protection. Defamation on the form of libel or slander also gets exempted from the protection of the first

Discuss San Antonio budget 2012 - the Redirect 17 Police Officers to Case Study

Discuss San Antonio budget 2012 - the Redirect 17 Police Officers to Neighborhood Patrol - Case Study Example Other significant city priorities include human services and neighborhood code enforcement. With rigid budgets stretching the San Antonio police force, the city has set aside money to redirect police officers to neighborhood patrol. Crime watch programs, which have been in existence for years, have been boosted by the increased number of law enforcement officers to help fight crime in communities and empower residents. The 17 newly redirected police officers will operate in partnership with the neighborhood patrol, which uses volunteers and other groups of civilians as a second set of eyes and street level resource. The 2012 budget, therefore, provides an opportunity for the residents of the city to achieve both community and individual prosperity by ensuring they are safe and free from harm. The city of San Antonio develops a balanced budget, each year, by covering only those expenditures with revenue for which the city has authority to levy. The efficiencies achieved from this fiscal budget allow the city to invest additional funds in various services meant to address the challenges facing the growing city. This way the city can allocate more funds to services like policing, come the next budgeting year. The funds allocated to city services and priorities in the 2012 budget are primarily supported by $289 million from City Public Service Energy payments, $199 million from local sales tax returns and $239 million from property tax revenue. 23% of the budget is financed by other sources. The main spending area is the police services which is allocated resources that amount to approximately $343 million. The amount includes expenditures such as contractual services, personal services, self insurance, commodities, capital outlay and transfers. Out of the 2,375 uniform positions, 67 are funded by the grant fund while 2,308 by the general fund. The grant fund also finances 12 of the civilian